| <sect1 id="fonts"> |
| <title>Dealing with Fonts</title> |
| |
| <sect2 id="windows-fonts"> |
| <title>Fonts</title> |
| |
| <para> |
| Written by &name-alex-korobka; <email>&email-alex-korobka;</email> |
| </para> |
| <para> |
| (Extracted from <filename>wine/documentation/fonts</filename>) |
| </para> |
| |
| <para> |
| <note> |
| <para> |
| The <command>fnt2bdf</command> utility is included with |
| Wine. It can be found in the <filename>tools</filename> |
| directory. Links to the other tools mentioned in this |
| document can be found on wine headquarters: |
| <ulink url="http://www.winehq.com/development/">http://www.winehq.com/development/</ulink> |
| </para> |
| </note> |
| </para> |
| |
| <sect3> |
| <title>How To Convert Windows Fonts</title> |
| <para> |
| If you have access to a Windows installation you should use the |
| <command>fnt2bdf</command> utility (found in the |
| <filename>tools</filename> directory) to convert bitmap |
| fonts (<filename>VGASYS.FON</filename>, |
| <filename>SSERIFE.FON</filename>, and |
| <filename>SERIFE.FON</filename>) into the format that the X |
| Window System can recognize. |
| </para> |
| |
| <orderedlist> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>Extract bitmap fonts with <command>fnt2bdf</command>.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| <listitem> |
| <para> |
| Convert <filename>.bdf</filename> files produced by Step |
| 1 into <filename>.pcf</filename> files with |
| <command>bdftopcf</command>. |
| </para> |
| </listitem> |
| <listitem> |
| <para> |
| Copy <filename>.pcf</filename> files to the font server |
| directory which is usually |
| <filename>/usr/lib/X11/fonts/misc</filename> (you will |
| probably need superuser privileges). If you want to |
| create a new font directory you will need to add it to |
| the font path. |
| </para> |
| </listitem> |
| <listitem> |
| <para> |
| Run <command>mkfontdir</command> for the directory you |
| copied fonts to. If you are already in X you should run |
| <command>xset fp rehash</command> to make X server aware |
| of the new fonts. You may also or instead have to restart |
| the font server (using e.g. |
| <command>/etc/init.d/xfs restart</command> |
| under RedHat 7.1) |
| </para> |
| </listitem> |
| <listitem> |
| <para> |
| Edit the <filename>~/.wine/config</filename> file to remove |
| aliases for the fonts you've just installed. |
| </para> |
| </listitem> |
| </orderedlist> |
| <para> |
| WINE can get by without these fonts but 'the look and feel' |
| may be quite different. Also, some applications try to load |
| their custom fonts on the fly (WinWord 6.0) and since WINE |
| does not implement this yet it instead prints out something |
| like; |
| </para> |
| <screen> |
| STUB: AddFontResource( SOMEFILE.FON ) |
| </screen> |
| <para> |
| You can convert this file too. Note that |
| <filename>.FON</filename> file may not hold any bitmap |
| fonts and <command>fnt2bdf</command> will fail if this is |
| the case. Also note that although the above message will not |
| disappear WINE will work around the problem by using the |
| font you extracted from the |
| <filename>SOMEFILE.FON</filename>. |
| <command>fnt2bdf</command> will only work for Windows 3.1 |
| fonts. It will not work for TrueType fonts. |
| </para> |
| <para> |
| What to do with TrueType fonts? There are several commercial |
| font tools that can convert them to the Type1 format but the |
| quality of the resulting fonts is far from stellar. The |
| other way to use them is to get a font server capable of |
| rendering TrueType (Caldera has one, there also is the free |
| <command>xfstt</command> in |
| <filename>Linux/X11/fonts</filename> on sunsite and mirrors, |
| if you're on FreeBSD you can use the port in |
| <filename>/usr/ports/x11-servers/Xfstt</filename>. And |
| there is <command>xfsft</command> which uses the freetype |
| library, see <filename>documentation/ttfserver</filename>). |
| </para> |
| <para> |
| However, there is a possibility of the native TrueType |
| support via FreeType renderer in the future (hint, hint :-) |
| </para> |
| </sect3> |
| |
| <sect3> |
| <title>How To Add Font Aliases To <filename>~/.wine/config</filename></title> |
| <para> |
| Many Windows applications assume that fonts included in |
| original Windows 3.1 distribution are always present. By |
| default Wine creates a number of aliases that map them on |
| the existing X fonts: |
| </para> |
| |
| <informaltable> |
| <tgroup cols="3"> |
| <thead> |
| <row> |
| <entry>Windows font</entry> |
| <entry>...is mapped to...</entry> |
| <entry>X font</entry> |
| </row> |
| </thead> |
| <tbody> |
| <row> |
| <entry>"MS Sans Serif"</entry> |
| <entry align="center">-></entry> |
| <entry>"-adobe-helvetica-"</entry> |
| </row> |
| <row> |
| <entry>"MS Serif"</entry> |
| <entry align="center">-></entry> |
| <entry>"-bitstream-charter-"</entry> |
| </row> |
| <row> |
| <entry>"Times New Roman"</entry> |
| <entry align="center">-></entry> |
| <entry>"-adobe-times-"</entry> |
| </row> |
| <row> |
| <entry>"Arial"</entry> |
| <entry align="center">-></entry> |
| <entry>"-adobe-helvetica-"</entry> |
| </row> |
| </tbody> |
| </tgroup> |
| </informaltable> |
| |
| <para> |
| There is no default alias for the "System" font. Also, no |
| aliases are created for the fonts that applications install |
| at runtime. The recommended way to deal with this problem |
| is to convert the missing font (see above). If it proves |
| impossible, like in the case with TrueType fonts, you can |
| force the font mapper to choose a closely related X font by |
| adding an alias to the [fonts] section. Make sure that the |
| X font actually exists (with <command>xfontsel</command> |
| tool). |
| </para> |
| <screen> |
| AliasN = [Windows font], [X font] <, optional "mask X font" flag> |
| </screen> |
| <para> |
| Example: |
| </para> |
| <screen> |
| Alias0 = System, --international-, subst |
| Alias1 = ... |
| ... |
| </screen> |
| <para> |
| Comments: |
| </para> |
| <itemizedlist> |
| <listitem> |
| <para> |
| There must be no gaps in the sequence <literal>{0, ..., |
| N}</literal> otherwise all aliases after the first gap |
| won't be read. |
| </para> |
| </listitem> |
| <listitem> |
| <para> |
| Usually font mapper translates X font names into font |
| names visible to Windows programs in the following |
| fashion: |
| </para> |
| |
| <informaltable> |
| <tgroup cols="3"> |
| <thead> |
| <row> |
| <entry>X font</entry> |
| <entry>...will show up as...</entry> |
| <entry>Extracted name</entry> |
| </row> |
| </thead> |
| <tbody> |
| <row> |
| <entry>--international-...</entry> |
| <entry align="center">-></entry> |
| <entry>"International"</entry> |
| </row> |
| <row> |
| <entry>-adobe-helvetica-...</entry> |
| <entry align="center">-></entry> |
| <entry>"Helvetica"</entry> |
| </row> |
| <row> |
| <entry>-adobe-utopia-...</entry> |
| <entry align="center">-></entry> |
| <entry>"Utopia"</entry> |
| </row> |
| <row> |
| <entry>-misc-fixed-...</entry> |
| <entry align="center">-></entry> |
| <entry>"Fixed"</entry> |
| </row> |
| <row> |
| <entry>-...</entry> |
| <entry align="center">-></entry> |
| <entry></entry> |
| </row> |
| <row> |
| <entry>-sony-fixed-...</entry> |
| <entry align="center">-></entry> |
| <entry>"Sony Fixed"</entry> |
| </row> |
| <row> |
| <entry>-...</entry> |
| <entry align="center">-></entry> |
| <entry></entry> |
| </row> |
| </tbody> |
| </tgroup> |
| </informaltable> |
| |
| <para> |
| Note that since <literal>-misc-fixed-</literal> and |
| <literal>-sony-fixed-</literal> are different fonts Wine |
| modified the second extracted name to make sure Windows |
| programs can distinguish them because only extracted |
| names appear in the font selection dialogs. |
| </para> |
| </listitem> |
| <listitem> |
| <para> |
| "Masking" alias replaces the original extracted name so |
| that in the example case we will have the following |
| mapping: |
| </para> |
| <informaltable> |
| <tgroup cols="3"> |
| <thead> |
| <row> |
| <entry>X font</entry> |
| <entry>...is masked to...</entry> |
| <entry>Extracted name</entry> |
| </row> |
| </thead> |
| <tbody> |
| <row> |
| <entry>--international-...</entry> |
| <entry align="center">-></entry> |
| <entry>"System"</entry> |
| </row> |
| </tbody> |
| </tgroup> |
| </informaltable> |
| <para> |
| "Nonmasking" aliases are transparent to the user and |
| they do not replace extracted names. |
| </para> |
| <para> |
| Wine discards an alias when it sees that the native X |
| font is available. |
| </para> |
| </listitem> |
| <listitem> |
| <para> |
| If you do not have access to Windows fonts mentioned in |
| the first paragraph you should try to substitute the |
| "System" font with nonmasking alias. The |
| <command>xfontsel</command> application will show you |
| the fonts available to X. |
| </para> |
| <screen> |
| Alias.. = System, ...bold font without serifs |
| </screen> |
| </listitem> |
| </itemizedlist> |
| <para> |
| Also, some Windows applications request fonts without |
| specifying the typeface name of the font. Font table starts |
| with Arial in most Windows installations, however X font |
| table starts with whatever is the first line in the |
| <filename>fonts.dir</filename>. Therefore WINE uses the |
| following entry to determine which font to check first. |
| </para> |
| <para> |
| Example: |
| </para> |
| <screen> |
| Default = -adobe-times- |
| </screen> |
| <para> |
| Comments: |
| </para> |
| <para> |
| It is better to have a scalable font family (bolds and |
| italics included) as the default choice because mapper |
| checks all available fonts until requested height and other |
| attributes match perfectly or the end of the font table is |
| reached. Typical X installations have scalable fonts in the |
| <filename>../fonts/Type1</filename> and |
| <filename>../fonts/Speedo</filename> directories. |
| </para> |
| </sect3> |
| |
| <sect3> |
| <title>How To Manage Cached Font Metrics</title> |
| <para> |
| WINE stores detailed information about available fonts in |
| the <filename>~/.wine/cachedmetrics.[display]</filename> file. You |
| can copy it elsewhere and add this entry to the [fonts] |
| section in your <filename>~/.wine/config</filename>: |
| </para> |
| <screen> |
| FontMetrics = <file with metrics> |
| </screen> |
| <para> |
| If WINE detects changes in the X font configuration it will |
| rebuild font metrics from scratch and then it will overwrite |
| <filename>~/.wine/cachedmetrics.[display]</filename> with the new |
| information. This process can take a while. |
| </para> |
| </sect3> |
| |
| <sect3> |
| <title>Too Small Or Too Large Fonts</title> |
| <para> |
| Windows programs may ask WINE to render a font with the |
| height specified in points. However, point-to-pixel ratio |
| depends on the real physical size of your display (15", |
| 17", etc...). X tries to provide an estimate of that but it |
| can be quite different from the actual size. You can change |
| this ratio by adding the following entry to the [fonts] |
| section: |
| </para> |
| <screen> |
| Resolution = <integer value> |
| </screen> |
| <para> |
| In general, higher numbers give you larger fonts. Try to |
| experiment with values in the 60 - 120 range. 96 is a good |
| starting point. |
| </para> |
| </sect3> |
| |
| <sect3> |
| <title>"FONT_Init: failed to load ..." Messages On Startup</title> |
| <para> |
| The most likely cause is a broken |
| <filename>fonts.dir</filename> file in one of your font |
| directories. You need to rerun <command>mkfontdir</command> |
| to rebuild this file. Read its manpage for more information. |
| If you can't run <command>mkfontdir</command> on this |
| machine as you are not root, use <command>xset -fp |
| xxx</command> to remove the broken font path. |
| </para> |
| </sect3> |
| </sect2> |
| |
| <sect2 id="ttfont-server"> |
| <title>Setting up a TrueType Font Server</title> |
| <para> |
| written by ??? |
| </para> |
| <para> |
| (Extracted from <filename>wine/documentation/ttfserver</filename>) |
| </para> |
| |
| <para> |
| Follow these instructions to set up a TrueType font server on your system. |
| </para> |
| |
| <orderedlist> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>Get <filename>freetype-1.0.full.tar.gz</filename></para> |
| </listitem> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>Read docs, unpack, configure and install</para> |
| </listitem> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>Test the library, e.g. <command>ftview 20 /dosc/win95/fonts/times</command></para> |
| </listitem> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>Get <filename>xfsft-beta1e.linux-i586</filename></para> |
| </listitem> |
| <listitem> |
| <para> |
| Install it and start it when booting, e.g. in an |
| rc-script. The manpage for <command>xfs</command> |
| applies. |
| </para> |
| </listitem> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>Follow the hints given by <email>williamc@dai.ed.ac.uk</email></para> |
| </listitem> |
| <listitem> |
| <para> |
| I got <command>xfsft</command> from |
| <ulink url="http://www.dcs.ed.ac.uk/home/jec/progindex.html">http://www.dcs.ed.ac.uk/home/jec/progindex.html</ulink>. |
| I have it running all the time. Here is |
| <filename>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fs/config</filename>: |
| </para> |
| <programlisting> |
| clone-self = on |
| use-syslog = off |
| catalogue = /c/windows/fonts |
| error-file = /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fs/fs-errors |
| default-point-size = 120 |
| default-resolutions = 75,75,100,100 |
| </programlisting> |
| <para> |
| Obviously <filename>/c/windows/fonts</filename> is where |
| my Windows fonts on my Win95 <medialabel>C:</medialabel> |
| drive live; could be e.g. |
| <filename>/mnt/dosC/windows/system</filename> for Win31. |
| </para> |
| <para> |
| In <filename>/c/windows/fonts/fonts.scale</filename> I |
| have: |
| </para> |
| <programlisting> |
| 14 |
| arial.ttf -monotype-arial-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1 |
| arialbd.ttf -monotype-arial-bold-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1 |
| arialbi.ttf -monotype-arial-bold-o-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1 |
| ariali.ttf -monotype-arial-medium-o-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1 |
| cour.ttf -monotype-courier-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1 |
| courbd.ttf -monotype-courier-bold-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1 |
| courbi.ttf -monotype-courier-bold-o-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1 |
| couri.ttf -monotype-courier-medium-o-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1 |
| times.ttf -monotype-times-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1 |
| timesbd.ttf -monotype-times-bold-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1 |
| timesbi.ttf -monotype-times-bold-i-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1 |
| timesi.ttf -monotype-times-medium-i-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1 |
| symbol.ttf -monotype-symbol-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-microsoft-symbol |
| wingding.ttf -microsoft-wingdings-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-microsoft-symbol |
| </programlisting> |
| <para> |
| In <filename>/c/windows/fonts/fonts.dir</filename> I have |
| exactly the same. |
| </para> |
| <para> |
| In <filename>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/XF86Config</filename> I have |
| </para> |
| <programlisting> |
| FontPath "tcp/localhost:7100" |
| </programlisting> |
| <para> |
| in front of the other <literal>FontPath</literal> lines. |
| That's it! As an interesting by-product of course, all |
| those web pages which specify Arial come up in Arial in |
| Netscape ... |
| </para> |
| </listitem> |
| <listitem> |
| <para> |
| Shut down X and restart (and debug errors you did while |
| setting up everything). |
| </para> |
| </listitem> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>Test with e.g <command>xlsfont | grep arial</command></para> |
| </listitem> |
| </orderedlist> |
| |
| <para> |
| Hope this helps... |
| </para> |
| </sect2> |
| |
| </sect1> |
| |
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